NROFF formatting utilities ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- pic Generates line graphics eqn Generates equations tbl Generates tables refer Generates bibliographic references NROFF page control option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .pl +/- Ni Page length, where Ni is the number of inches (default 11) .bp Start a new page .pn +/- N The next page will be numbered N NROFF line control option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .ll Ni Line length, where Ni si the number of inches (default is 6.5) .na No adjust on justification; leaves ragged right page .nf No fill; same as verbatim (left justify; for code display) .fi Fill; same as full justification left and right .ce N Center the next N lines .ul N Underline the next N lines .cu Continuous underline .sp N Space vertically N lines .ls N line spacing (e.g., single spaced: N = 1) .nm N M S I N Line number starts with, or increment to N, (e.g., N = 3 starts line numbering at 3) M Line numbers for lines of multiple of M, (e.g., M = 2 numbers every other line) S Line numbers and lines are separated by S spaces I Line numbers are indented by I spaces NROFF margin and tab control option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .in +/- Ni Indentation, when Ni specifies the number of inches offset .ti +/- Ni Temporary indentation. + before paragraph and - after .ta Nt Tab, N identifies location and t the type as declared by the characters below: R Right justified tab C Center adjusted tab L Left adjusted tab NROFF font type/size control option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .ps +/- N Set point size, can also use ps +/- N inline .ft F Font changed to F, where F is the font name (def Roman) R Times Roman I Times italic B Times bold S Symbol .fp N F Font position, where font is loaded (1-4) where the correspondence between character font type and font position is tabulated below F1 Roman F2 italic F3 bold F4 courier NROFF hyphenation control option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .nh No hyphenation .hy N Automatic hyphenation on; the number N indicates how many characters to keep together before splitting NROFF miscelaneous options reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .tl 'left'center'right' Three part title; text between quotes will be left justified, center justified, and right justified with the current margins of a line .de xx Define a macro xx .. End a macro definition .ds xx string Define a string xx containing string MACROS ME heading control option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .sh LEVEL "LABEL" Create a section heading, with LABEL as its title, and LEVEL as its depth; level values are associated with the following section types (0<=LEVEL<=6): 0 Title (no number, left justified) 1 Section (1.) 2 Subsection (1.1) 3 Subsubsection (1.1.1) .$c "LABEL" Start a new chapter, with LABEL as the chap title .he 'x'y'z' Make a page header with x being left justified, y being center justified, and z being right justified .fo 'x'y'z' Make a page footer with x being left justified, y being center justified, and z being right justified ME column control option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .1c Single-column text .2c Two-column text .bc Begin a new column here .pp Begin a new paragraph here .xp N Print index N here ME paragraph style option reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .(c CP .)c Begin a centered paragraph enviornment for paragraphs CP; end a centered paragraph enviornment .)f FN .)f Begin a footnote definition for footnote FN; end a footnote definition .(l LI .)l Begin a list enviornment for list item LI; end the list enviornment .(q QP .)q Begin a quote enviornment for quote paragraph QP; end the quota environment .(x IX .) Begin an index definition for index item IX; end the index item definition .bu Begin a bulleted paragraph .ip x y Begin a hanging indent (aka description) paragraph, where x is the hanging item and y is the indentation space for the rest of the paragraph .np Begin a numbered paragraph NROFF Man macro options reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .B [TEXT...] Sets text in boldface; if no text is specified, the next line is set in boldface .CT CHAR Prints the keyboard control character indicator ; for example, .CT A prints .CW Sets text in constant width font until another font change is found .EE Ends an example and restores basic text defaults and indents .EX [i] Starts an example. Text between .EX and .EE is printed in a constant width font with 'no fill' mode (no wrapping and blank lines allowed) in effect .HB [words...] Sets the text in underline mode .I1 word Sets a temporary indent to the length of the specified word .I2 word Reverses one line and then sets temporary indent to the length of the specified word .PN x[y] Sets x in a constant width typeface and then reverts to the previous typeface, y .PP Starts na block paragraph; sets the prevailing indent to .5i .R Sets the text in a Roman typeface until another font change is encountered. Also ends nroff underline mode if it was in effect .RN Prints the return character indicater, or .RS [i] Shifts the left margin to the right (relatively) the amount of i indents. The .RS macro can be nested up to nine levels deep .SH TEXT Creates a section header with TEXT .SS TEXT Creates a subsection header with TEXT .TH ncafx Begins a new reference page and sets the page title; n refers to the file name; c to the section; a to an optional machine architecture, such as "VAX", f to a footer component; and x to an extra optional commentary such as "unsupported" .TP [i] Sets the prevailing indent to i, then begins the indented paragraph with a hanging tag given by the next text line; if the tag goes not fit, the macro places the next text on a separate line